Ibhaluni

Ibhaluni yisitsha esishintshashintshayo esisetshenziselwa ukuvala igesi. Ingagcwaliswa nge-helium, i-hydrogen noma umoya. Amabhaluni amancane avame ukusetshenziselwa amaphathi noma njengamathoyizi, kuyilapho amabhaluni amakhulu, njengamabhaluni omoya oshisayo, asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuhamba nezokuzijabulisa. Ukwengeza, amabhaluni asetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene engokoqobo, okuhlanganisa i-meteorology, imithi, nokuzivikela kwezempi. Izakhiwo zamabhaluni, njengokuminyana kwawo okuphansi kanye nezindleko, ziholele ekusetshenzisweni okubanzi. Okunye ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwamabhaluni kuhlanganisa ukuhlobisa, ukukhangisa, amathoyizi ezingane, nanjengesitsha sokugcina amagesi. Amabhaluni abuye asetshenziswe ezinqubweni zezokwelapha, njengama-catheter ebhaluni kanye ne-tamponade yebhaluni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zazisetshenziswa emisebenzini yezempi kanye ne-aerospace, kanye nasezintweni zokuhamba nezokuzijabulisa. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwamabhaluni kuwenza abe yithuluzi eliguquguqukayo nelisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene.

Umlando

Umlando wamabhaluni ungalandelelwa emuva ekusetshenzisweni kwezinyeni zezilwane namathumbu ukuze kwakhiwe izithombe eziqoshiwe zamabhaluni zakuqala zama-Aztec. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwesimanje kwamabhaluni kwaqala ngokusungulwa kwamabhaluni enjoloba nguMichael Faraday ngo-1824 ukuze asetshenziswe ekuhloleni kwakhe i-hydrogen eRoyal Institution eLondon ^[1]. UFaraday wabeka amashidi amabili enjoloba phezu kwelinye, wawagcwalisa nge-hydrogen, futhi waphawula "amandla abo akhuphukayo" ^[2].

Ngo-1830, umkhiqizi wenjoloba uThomas Hancock wethula amabhaluni erabha e-latex emakethe ngokugunyaza inqubo yokuthela irabha phezu kwezibunjwa noma ukucwilisa isikhunta oketshezini lwe-latex^[3]. Ngo-1847, uJ. U-Ingram waseLondon waqala ukukhiqiza umfuziselo wokuqala wamabhaluni amathoyizi esimanje, ayengathintwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

U-Neil Tillotson, umsunguli we-Tillotson Rubber Company, wasungula indlela yokukhiqiza amabhaluni e-latex ngobuningi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930s. Waqale wadala amabhaluni angu-15 e-“Tilly Cat” asesimweni sekhanda lekati embukisweni we-Patriot's Day wango-1931^[4]. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, amabhaluni asesetshenziselwa ukuzijabulisa nokuhlobisa, futhi amabhaluni okuqala esoseji akhiqizwa ngo-1912^[5]. Ukuduma kwamabhaluni kukhule phakathi nekhulu lama-20, ngokwethulwa kwamabhaluni e-foil ngawo-1970.

Namuhla, amabhaluni enziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nerabha, i-latex, i-polychloroprene noma indwangu yenayiloni, futhi angaba nemibala eminingi ehlukene. Zisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa imithi, i-meteorology, ezempi, nezokuthutha, kanye nezokuzijabulisa nokuhlobisa^[6].

Ukugcwalisa ibhaluni

Amabhaluni agcwele i-helium, i-hydrogen noma umoya, kodwa i-hydrogen iyingozi ngenxa yokuthungela ngokushesha futhi i-helium ibiza kakhulu futhi ibhaluni eligcwele i-helium liwohloka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, indlela ethandwayo yokugcwalisa ibhaluni ngomoya (ibhaluni lingagcwaliswa ngomlomo noma ngepompo).

I-inflation yebhaluni kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo

Ukuphefumula ibhaluni ngomlomo kuhle empilweni ngoba kusebenzisa imisipha ye-intercostal, eyandisa futhi iphakamise izimbambo kanye ne-diaphragm, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwamaphaphu nokugcwala komoyampilo^[7]^[8]. Lokhu kuvivinya umzimba kungathuthukisa ukuma, ukuzinza kanye namaphethini okuphefumula, futhi kusiza ukwandisa umthamo wamaphaphu, okwenza kube usizo ezimweni ezifana ne-pulmonary fibrosis, i-COPD noma i-asthma^[9]. Ukwengeza, isenzo sokuqhumisa ibhaluni sikhuthaza ukuphefumula okujulile, okunganciphisa ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka, kuthuthukise impilo yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, futhi kwandise amandla amaphaphu^[10]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-inflation ye-balloon iphikisana ne-diaphragm yokuphefumula okuphumelelayo futhi isiza ukwandisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwesisu, okwenza kube umsebenzi owusizo wokuvuselela nokusebenza kokuphefumula.^[11].

imithombo

[1] ttps://www.partysafe.eu/history-of-balloons

[2] ttps://slate.com/human-interest/2011/12/party-balloons-a-history.html

[3] ttps://www.partysafe.eu/history-of-balloons

[4] ttps://www.partysafe.eu/history-of-balloons

[5] ttps://slate.com/human-interest/2011/12/party-balloons-a-history.html

[6] ttps://balloons.online/blog/a-brief-history-of-party-balloons

[7] ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10334858

[8] ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971640

[9] ttps://pulmonaryfibrosisnow.org/2020/03/10/balloon-breathing-exercise-for-improved-lung-function

[10] ttps://aaballoon.com/balloons-improve-your-health

[11] ttps://backtofunction.com/why-we-should-blow-up-balloons

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]