Inhlanzi
Izinhlanzi yizilwane zasemanzini, i- craniate, i- gill- ezithwele izilwane ezingenazo izitho ezinamadijithi .Okufakiwe kule ncazelo ama- hagfish aphilayo, amalambu wezibani, nezinhlanzi ezigcwele uqwanga namathambo kanye namaqembu ahlobene ahlukahlukene asephelile.Cishe ama-99% ezinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziphilayo ziyizinhlanzi ezenziwe ngemisebe, ezingaphansi kwesigaba i-Actinopterygii, ezinamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-95% eqembu elincane le-teleost.
I eziphilayo zokuqala ukuthi kungenziwa labizwa ngokuthi izinhlanzi babe othambile chordates ukuthi uqala ukuvela phakathi eCambria isikhathi. Yize babengenawo umgogodla weqiniso, babephethe ama- notochords ababavumela ukuthi basheshe beshesha ukwedlula ozakwabo abangenamgogodla. Izinhlanzi zizoqhubeka nokuguquguquka ngenkathi yePaleozoic, zihlukahluka zibe yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.Izinhlanzi eziningi zePaleozoic zakha izikhali zangaphandle ezazivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.Izinhlanzi zokuqala ezinemihlathi zavela esikhathini samaSilurian, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho abaningi ( njengoshaka ) baba yizilwane zasolwandle ezinamandla kunokuba nje isisulu se- arthropods .
Iningi lezinhlanzi liyi- ectothermic ("igazi elinamakhaza"), livumela amazinga okushisa emizimba yabo ukuthi ehluke njengoba amazinga okushisa asendaweni eguqukayo, yize abanye babhukudi abakhulu abasebenza njengoshaka omhlophe ne- tuna bengabamba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu. [1] [2]Izinhlanzi zingakwazi ukuxhumana ngomsindo, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokudla, ulaka noma ukuqomisana. [3]
Izinhlanzi zigcwele emanzini amaningi.Bona zingatholakala ezindaweni cishe zonke izilwane zasemanzini, kusukela entabeni ende ukusakaza (isib, wezinhlamvu futhi gudgeon ) kuya abyssal ngisho hadal ekujuleni kwezilwandle ejulile (isib, cusk-eels futhi snailfish ), nakuba kungekho silwane kuye okwamanje atloliwe ukujula okungama-25% kolwandle. [4] Njengoba kunezinhlobo ezingama-34,300 ezichaziwe, izinhlanzi zikhombisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobo ezinkulu kunanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu lama-vertebrate.
Izinhlanzi ziwumthombo obalulekile wabantu emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi njengokudla.Abadobi bezentengiselwano nabaziphilisa ngokuzingela bazingela izinhlanzi ezindaweni zokudoba zasendle noma bazifuye emachibini noma emakhejini olwandle (e- aquaculture )Babanjwa futhi ngabadobi bezokungcebeleka, bagcinwe njengezilwane ezifuywayo, bakhuliswe ngabagcini bezinhlanzi, futhi bakhonjiswe ku- aquaria yomphakathi.Izinhlanzi zibe neqhaza emasikweni kuyo yonke le minyaka, zisebenza njengonkulunkulu, izimpawu zenkolo, futhi njengezihloko zobuciko, izincwadi namamuvi.
- ↑ Goldman, K.J. (1997). "Regulation of body temperature in the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias". Journal of Comparative Physiology. B Biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology 167 (6): 423–429. doi:10.1007/s003600050092. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120406114844/http://www.mendeley.com/research/temperature-and-activities-of-a-white-shark-carcharodon-carcharias/. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
- ↑ Carey, F.G.. "Temperature regulation in free-swimming bluefin tuna". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 44 (2): 375–392. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(73)90490-8.
- ↑ Weinmann, S.R.. "Territorial vocalization in sympatric damselfish: acoustic characteristics and intruder discrimination". Bioacoustics 27 (1): 87–102. doi:10.1080/09524622.2017.1286263.
- ↑ Marine fish may be biochemically constrained from inhabiting the deepest ocean depths.