Ukukhetha Okuningi
Ukukhetha okuningi (i-MC), [1] impendulo yenhloso, noma i-MCQ (yombuzo wokukhetha amaningi) kuyindlela yokuhlola inhloso lapho abaphenduli abacelwa ukuba bakhethe izimpendulo ezilungile kuphela ezivela ohlwini. Ifomethi yokuzikhethela eminingi isetshenziswa kaningi ekuhlolweni kwezemfundo, ocwaningweni lwemakethe, nasekhethweni, lapho umuntu ekhetha phakathi kwabazongenela ukhetho, amaqembu, noma izinqubomgomo.
Yize u-E. L. I-Thorndwenike yathuthuka indlela yokuqala yesayensi yokuhlola abafundi, kwakuwumsizi wakhe uBenjamin D. Wood othuthukisa ukuhlolwa okuningi. [2] Ukuhlolwa okukhethiwe okuningi kwanda ngokuthandwa maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 lapho izikena nemishini yokusebenza kwedatha zakhiwa ukubheka imiphumela. UChristopher P. Sole udale ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokukhethwa okuningi kwamakhompyutha kwikhompyutha ebukhali ye-MZ 80 ngonyaka we-1982 ] Ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuphelele kwasungulwa esikoleni saseSt Edway eRomay, eNgilandi.
Ukwakheka
Izinto eziningi zokukhetha ziqukethe isiqu nezimpendulo eziningi eziningana. Isiqu ukuvulwa - inkinga okufanele ixazululwe, umbuzo obuzwayo, noma isitatimende esingaphelele okufanele ugcwaliswe. Izinketho ziyizimpendulo ezingenzeka ukuthi uMhloli angazikhetha kuzo, nempendulo efanele ebizwa ngokuthi ukhiye nezimpendulo ezingalungile ezibizwa ngokuthi iziphazamisi. [4] Impendulo eyodwa kuphela engahle ifakwe kuhlu kunembile. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa nezinto zokuphendula eziningi lapho kufakwa khona impendulo eyodwa.
Imvamisa, impendulo efanele ithola inombolo ebekiwe yamaphoyinti abheke uphawu oluphelele, futhi impendulo engalungile ayitholi lutho. Kodwa-ke, izivivinyo zingaphinde zinikeze izikweletu ngokwengxenye yemibuzo engaphendulwanga noma ajezise abafundi izimpendulo ezingalungile, ukudikibalisa ukuqagela. Isibonelo, izivivinyo zesifundo se-SAT zisuse iphuzu lekota kusuka ku-Score yokuhlola izimpendulo zempendulo engalungile.
Ngezinto ezithuthukile, njengento yolwazi esetshenzisiwe, isiqu singaba nezingxenye eziningi. Isiqu sifaka izinto ezinwetshiwe noma ezihambisanayo njenge-vignette, ucwaningo lwamacala, igrafu, itafula, noma incazelo eningiliziwe enezinto eziningi kuyo. Noma yini ingafakwa inqobo nje uma kunesidingo sokuqinisekisa ubuqiniso obukhulu nobuqiniso entweni. Isiqu siphela ngombuzo oholayo ochaza ukuthi ummangalelwa kufanele aphendule kanjani. Ezintweni ezikhethiwe zezokwelapha, umbuzo oholayo ongabuza ukuthi "yikuphi ukutholwa okungenzeka kakhulu?" noma "Yini i-pathogen engenzeka kakhulu?" Mayelana nocwaningo lwecala elalwethulwe ngaphambili.
Izinto zokuhlolwa kwezinketho eziningi zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "imibuzo," kepha lokhu kuyinto misnomer ngoba izinto eziningi azibhalwa njengemibuzo. Isibonelo, zingethulwa njengezitatimende ezingaphelele, ama-analogies, noma izibalo ze-mathematics. Ngakho-ke, igama elijwayelekile elithi "Into" liyilebula elifanele. Izinto zigcinwa ebhange lento.
Izibonelo Ngokufanelekile, umbuzo okhethiwe omningi (i-MCQ) kufanele ubuzwe njenge- "STEM", ngezinketho ezibonakalayo, ngokwesibonelo:
Uma {\ Displaysyle A = 1} A = 1 no {\ Displaysyle B = 2} B = 2, yini {\ Display "A + b} B}
Okuqophele + 4 Okuthenyalwayo Ku-equation {\ bonisa 2x + 3 = 4} 2x + 3 = 4, Xazulula i-X.
4 Okuthenyalwayo 0.5 1.5 8 Idolobha elaziwa ngokuthi "inhloko-dolobha laseNdiya"
I-Bangalore Isinyatheloai UKalachi IHyderabad Izimpendulo ezifanele zingama-B, C futhi ngokulandelana.
Umbuzo obhalwe kahle okhethwe kahle uvimbela ngokusobala iziphazamiso ezingalungile noma ezingenakuqhathaniswa (ezinjenge-detroit ezifakiwe esibonelweni sesithathu), ukuze umbuzo uqonda lapho ufundwa yilowo nalowo ophazamisayo kanye nempendulo efanele.
Umbuzo okhethwayo obhalwe kahle futhi obhalwe kahle umi kanjena:
Cabanga ngokulandelayo:
I-chess ye-chess eyisishiyagalombili. I-chessboard eyisishiyagalombili enesishiyagalombili namakona amabili aphambene asusiwe. I-chessboard eyisishiyagalombili enesishiyagalombili nayo yonke amakhona amane asusiwe. Yikuphi kulokhu okungathathwa yi-dominoes ebili-by-one (ngaphandle kwe-overlaps noma izikhala, nawo wonke ama-domino aqukethe ngaphakathi kweBhodi)?
Mina kuphela II kuphela Mina no-II kuphela Mina no-III kuphela Mina, II, no-III
Isixhumanisi sangaphandle