Ukusakaza

Ukusakaza kuwukwabelana ngesiqikili somsindo olalelwayo nombukiso obukwayo ezethamelini ezihlakazekile kusetshenziswa izinsizakuxhumana, kodwana imvama kusetshenziswa umungco wenzubawonga ongamaza womsakazo, kuxhunyaniswa oyedwa neningi.^[1] Ukusakaza kwaqala ngomsakazp we-AM owawuyisibunge futhi usetshenziswa kakhulu eminyakeni eseduze nowe1920 ngenxa yokwanda kwezofufulisi zomsakazo zegudu lelinya nezamukeli zomsakazo. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, izindlela zokugununda ukuxhumana ngamazuba (ngomsakazo, ucingo) zazichazwa ngokuthi zixhumanisa oyedwa noyedwa,njengoba umyalezo obhekiswe koyedwa. Ibizo elithi ukusakaza lafaneleka kanjalo njengoba lisetshenziswa nakwezolimo, lapho lisho khona ukusakazwa kwembewu endaweni ebanzi.^[2] Ngendlela efanayo, kwezokuxhumana lisho ukusakazwa nokwabelana ngokwaziswa ngezincwadi endaweni ebanzi.^[3] noma ngezingcingo.^[4] Izibonelo zokufufukisa ngomsakazo ekuxhumaneni koyedwa neningi kwesigculo esisodwa sisakazela abalaleli abaningi zavela eminyakeni eqala ngowe-1898.^[5]

Amaphatho

↑ Peters, John Durham (1999). Speaking into the Air. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-66276-3. OCLC 40452957. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 22 August 2022. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)
↑ Douglas, Susan J. (1987). Inventing American Broadcasting, 1899–1922. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-3832-3. OCLC 15485739.
↑ The Hand-book of Wyoming and Guide to the Black Hills and Big Horn Regions Archived 1 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine., 1877, p. 74: "in the case of the estimates sent broadcast by the Department of Agriculture, in its latest annual report, the extent has been sadly underestimated".
↑ "Medical Advertising" Archived 1 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine., Saint Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, December 1886, p. 334: "operations formerly described in the city press alone, are now sent broadcast through the country by multiple telegraph".
↑ "Wireless Telegraphy" Archived 27 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine., The Electrician (London), 14 October 1898, p. 815: "there are rare cases where, as Dr. Lodge once expressed it, it might be advantageous to 'shout' the message, spreading it broadcast to receivers in all directions".

[peters-1] Peters, John Durham (1999). Speaking into the Air. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-66276-3. OCLC 40452957. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 22 August 2022. Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help)

[douglas-2] Douglas, Susan J. (1987). Inventing American Broadcasting, 1899–1922. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-3832-3. OCLC 15485739.

[3] The Hand-book of Wyoming and Guide to the Black Hills and Big Horn Regions Archived 1 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine., 1877, p. 74: "in the case of the estimates sent broadcast by the Department of Agriculture, in its latest annual report, the extent has been sadly underestimated".

[4] "Medical Advertising" Archived 1 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine., Saint Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, December 1886, p. 334: "operations formerly described in the city press alone, are now sent broadcast through the country by multiple telegraph".

[5] "Wireless Telegraphy" Archived 27 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine., The Electrician (London), 14 October 1898, p. 815: "there are rare cases where, as Dr. Lodge once expressed it, it might be advantageous to 'shout' the message, spreading it broadcast to receivers in all directions".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]