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Umdlavuza wesibunu

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Umdlavuza Vulvar kuyinto umdlavuza we ngemomozi, ingxenye engaphandle ye-umthondo zesifazane.Ngokuvamile kuthinta i- labia majora.Ngaphansi kakhulu, i- labia minora, i- clitoris, noma izindlala zangasese.Izimpawu zifaka phakathi isigaxa, ukulunywa, ukuguquka kwesikhumba, noma ukopha esithweni sangasese.

Izici zobungozi zibandakanya i- vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), ukutheleleka nge-HPV, izinsumpa zangasese, ukubhema, nabalingani abaningi bezocansiIningi lomdlavuza we-vulvar ngama- squamous cell cancer .Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka i- adenocarcinoma, i- melanoma, i- sarcoma, ne- basal cell carcinoma.Ukuxilongwa kusolwa ngokususelwa ekuhlolweni komzimba futhi kuqinisekiswe yi- tissue biopsy.Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke akunconyiwe. [1]

Umdwebo womdlavuza we-clitoris osakazeke emgodini

Izimpawu nezimpawu zingafaka:

  • Ukulunywa, ukushiswa, noma ukopha esithweni sangasese esingapheli.
  • Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba se-vulva, ukuze zibukeke zibomvu noma zimhlophe kunokujwayelekile.
  • Isikhumba siyashintsha esithweni sangasese, kufaka phakathi okubukeka njengokuqubuka noma izinsumpa.
  • Izilonda, izigaxa noma izilonda esithweni sangasese ezingapheli.
  • Ubuhlungu okhalweni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuchama noma socansi .

Izimbangela

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Izindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-pathophysiological njengamanje ziyaqondakala ukuthi zifaka isandla ekwakhiweni komdlavuza we-vulvar-ukutheleleka kwe-human papillomavirus (HPV) nokuvuvukala okungapheli noma i-autoimmunity ethinta indawo ye-vulvar. [2] [3] [4]

Izimo ezihlala njalo zokuvuvukala kwesitho sangasese esingahle sibe yisandulela somdlavuza we-vulvar zifaka i- lichen sclerosus, engahle ihlukanise i-VIN ehlukile. [5] [6]

Izici zobungozi

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Izici zobungozi zomdlavuza we-vulvar zihlobene kakhulu nezindlela eziyimbangela engenhla, ezibandakanya ukuvezwa noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-HPV kanye / noma ukutholwa noma ukuzitholela okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo. [7] [8]

  • Ukukhula kweminyaka
  • Umlando we-vulvar noma i-neoplasia yomlomo wesibeletho
  • Inani elandayo labalingani bobulili besilisa
  • Umlando wangaphambi kokuhlasela noma umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho
  • Umlando wokubhema ugwayi
  • Ukutheleleka nge-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • IVulvar lichen sclerosus
  • Ama-syndromes we-immunodeficiency
  • Okhokho baseNyakatho Yurophu

Izinhlobo

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Ngokuya ngemvelaphi yeselula, kungavela izinhlobo ezingaphansi komdlavuza we-histologic ezinhlakeni ze-vulvar. [9]

Ukwelashwa

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Umdwebo wokusika okwenziwe ku-vulvectomy, ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-vulvar

Ukuhlinzwa kungumgogodla wokwelashwa ngokuya ngesiteji se-anatomical futhi imvamisa kugcinelwa umdlavuza ongakaze usabalale ngale kwe-vulva.Ukuhlinzwa kungabandakanya ukusikeka kwendawo okubanzi (ukusikwa kwesimila ngomkhawulo wokuphepha wezicubu ezinempilo, okuqinisekisa ukususwa ngokuphelele kwesimila), i- radical vulvectomy, noma i-vulvectomy ephelele ngokususa izicubu ze-vulvar, ama- lymph node angama- inguinal kanye nawesifazane. [9] [10] Ezimweni zomdlavuza wokuqala we-vulvar, ukuhlinzwa kungaba kuncane kakhulu futhi kuqukethe ukusikwa okubanzi noma i-vulvectomy elula.Ukuhlinzwa kukhulu kakhulu lapho umdlavuza ususakazekele ezithweni eziseduze njenge-urethra, isitho sangasese, noma i-rectum.Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa zifaka ukutheleleka kwesilonda, ukungasebenzi kocansi, i- edema ne- thrombosis, kanye ne- lymphedema yesibili kuya kuma-lymph node. [11]

I-Epidemiology

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Umdlavuza weVulvar usanda kuthinta abantu ababalelwa ku-44,200 futhi kwaholela ekufeni kwabantu abayi-15,200 emhlabeni jikelele ngonyaka ka-2018.

Umdlavuza we-Vulvar ungahlukaniswa ube izinhlobo ezimbili.Omunye uqala njengokutheleleka nge-papillomavirus yomuntu, okuholela ku-vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) futhi okungahle kube nomdlavuza we-vulvar. [12]Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane abasebasha, ikakhulu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. [12]Uhlobo lwesibili yi-vulvar non-neoplastic epithelial disorders (VNED).Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane asebekhulile, ngenxa yengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa i-atypia yeselula nayo eholela kumdlavuza. [12]

eMelika

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E-United States, isanda kwenzeka kubantu ababalelwa ku-6 070 ngokufa kwabantu abangu-1 280 ngonyaka.Kwenza cishe i-0.3% yamacala amasha womdlavuza, [13] no-5% womdlavuza we-gynecologic e-United States.Amacala omdlavuza we-Vulvar abelokhu ekhuphuka e-United States ngokunyuka kwama-.6% unyaka ngamunye kule minyaka eyishumi edlule.

Izixhumanisi zangaphandle

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  1. ↑ Less Common Gynecologic Malignancies: An Integrative Review. April 2019. 
  2. ↑ "Prevalence of mucosal and cutaneous human papillomaviruses in different histologic subtypes of vulvar carcinoma". Modern Pathology 21 (3): 334–44. March 2008. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3801009. PMID 18192968. 
  3. ↑ "Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma (VSCC) as Two Diseases: HPV Status Identifies Distinct Mutational Profiles Including Oncogenic Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3". Clinical Cancer Research 23 (15): 4501–4510. August 2017. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-3230. PMID 28377483. 
  4. ↑ "Biological relevance of human papillomaviruses in vulvar cancer". Modern Pathology 30 (4): 549–562. April 2017. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2016.197. PMID 28059099. 
  5. ↑ Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is often found in lesions, previously diagnosed as lichen sclerosus, which have progressed to vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. pp. 297–305. 
  6. ↑ The Natural History of Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Differentiated Type: Evidence for Progression and Diagnostic Challenges. pp. 574–584. 
  7. ↑ "Risk factors for invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva and vagina—population-based case-control study in Denmark". International Journal of Cancer 122 (12): 2827–34. June 2008. doi:10.1002/ijc.23446. PMID 18348142. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=18348142. 
  8. ↑ "Epidemiology of vulvar neoplasia in the NIH-AARP Study". Gynecologic Oncology 145 (2): 298–304. May 2017. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.02.030. PMID 28236455. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=28236455. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Wohlmuth, Christoph. Vulvar malignancies: an interdisciplinary perspective. pp. 1257–1276.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content
  10. ↑ Malignant Melanoma of the Vulva and Vagina: A US Population-Based Study of 1863 Patients. April 2020. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31784896. 
  11. ↑ Sentinel node assessment for diagnosis of groin lymph node involvement in vulval cancer. June 2014. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 "Vulvar cancer: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management options". International Journal of Women's Health 7: 305–13. March 20, 2015. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S68979. PMC 4374790. PMID 25848321. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4374790. 
  13. ↑ Empty citation (help)
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