Mkabayi kaJama
Nkosazana Mkabayi kaJama (1750-1843) wabe eyindodakazi yenkosi yombuso wamaZulu uJama kaNdaba, aphinde abe ngudadewabo omdala kaSenzangakhona kaJama waye kade eyiwele njengokhokho bakhe uMageba noPhunga. UMkabayi wabe aziwa njengowesifazane osabekayo, onamandla, onesibindi futhi okwazi ukuzimela. UMkabayi waba negalelo elikhulu ekubunjweni kwesizwe sakwaZulu, lapho abeka khona amakhosi amaningi kwaZulu ngokuwasiza ukuthi ukuthi anyukele esihlalweni sobukhosi.
| Mkabayi kaJama | |
|---|---|
| Isikhathi | 1781-1787 (Umphathelinkosi) |
| Titles | Inkosikazi |
| Ukuzalwa | ngoMasingane 1, 1750 |
| Royal House | Zulu |
Impilo
hlelaUMkabayi kanye nodadewabo uMamma bazalwa baba ngamawele. Ngokwesiko ngalesi sikhathi uma kuzalwe amawele kwakumele elilodwa libulawe ngoba kwakunkolelo yokuthi uma ephila womabili lokhu kwakuzoletha amashwa, okuyohelela ekutheni umzali oyedwa adlule emhlabeni. UJama akakuvumananga lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke amadodakazini akhe, wanquma ukuba uMkabayi newele lakhe uMamma ukuba baphile bobabili. Kusukela ngaleyo nkathi uMakabayi wakhula isizwe sinenzondo kuye futhi simunyanya. Eseneminyaka eyi-5 umama wakhe uMakabayi wadlula emhlabeni, ukudlula kuka mama makhe bakubeka emahlombe akhe Mkabayi. Bonke abantu esizweni babemunuka ngokufa kukamama wakhe. Umama kaMkabayi owabe eyinkosikazi kaJama yadlula emhlabeni engimutholelanga indlalifa [1].
UMkabayi esethe ukukhula wasindisa uMbuso wakwaZulu ngokwenza into engajwayelekile, uMkabayi wabona ukuthi uJama useyaguga kade ezama ukuthola indodana kodwa ehluleka UMkabayi washelela uyise kuMthaniya wesizwe sakwaSibiya, owagcina eseshade naye uJama wamzalela indodadana abayiqamba ngokuthi uSenzangakhona. Bayetha leli gama ngoba beqhakambisa igalelo alidlala uMkabayi ekuqinisekeni ukuthi isizwe sakwaZulu ukuthi siqhubekele phambili, okusho ukuthi "senze ngokuyikona ingoba uMkabayi wenza into enhle ngokuqiniseka ukhuthi umuzi kayise awuwi."Lesi senzo sikaMkabayi sageza izinhliziyo zabantu abaningi esizweni, ngoba uJama wabe esephule umthetho ngokushada owesifazane womaThonga owabe ekhulelwe, wazala uSojiyisa, isizwwe sabe sisaba ukuthi uma edlula emhlabeni uJama ubukhosi bwaZulu buyophathwa yivezandlebe. Isizwe sasinokusaba ukuthi lomfana ngiye owabe ezozuza ubukhosi bakwaZulu[2].
Esihlaweni sobukhosi
hlelaUkuthandawa isizwe kwaba yinto yesikhashan, emva kokukhothama kukaJama wazibeka yena ukuhti abe yinkosi yesizwe njengoba umfowabo uSenzangakhona wabe esamncane kakhulu ukuthi angaphatha isizwe. Lesi senzo asehlanga kahla kwabaningi ngoba lokhu kwakungakaze kwenzeke ngaphambilini kwaZulu. Empilweni yakhe yonke uMkabayi wayenqaba umshade ohleleliwe namakhosi acebile ayengomakhelwane nesizwe sikaJama. Kunalokho wakhetha ukuba angashadi azimele abhekhane nezindaba ezithinta isizwe. Njongoba uMkabayi ayengafuni ukushada isizathu sakhe kwakunguthi wayefuna ukuvikela isizwe sakwaZulu futhi sihlale sibhekelelekile [3].
Ukusebenzela isizwe ngaleso sikhathi kwabe kwaziwa njengomsebenzi wamadoda, kodwa uMkabayi akakuqizanga qakala lokho wawenza lomsebenzi. Ngokwenza lokhu wagcina esengosefizane osnesthunzi futhi onamandla, ngalokhu wagcina esekwazi ukuguqula imiqondo yamakhosi aphinde abize nezimbizo. Yize wane enesithunzi ezizweni kodwa babekhona abengabuthembi ubuholi bakhe, abaemuthatha kancane. Ubodlova bakhe futhi bathusa isizwe lapho athumela amabutho empi esizwe ukuba ayohlasela uSojiyisa ngoba wabe embona engase abe nobungozi ebukhosini bukaSenzangakhona. Ngalesi senzao abaningi babembona njengonukelwa yigazi futhi othanda impi [4].
Kwathi ngonyaka wezi-1781 uMkabayi wehlika ezihlalweni sobukhosi, esikhundleni kwangena umfowabo uSenzangakhona ukuba azobusa isizwe. UMkabayi wabe esebenzisana kakhulu noSenzangakhona ngenkathi eseyinkosi, ngoba zonke izindaba ezabe zithinta ubukhoasi zabe ziqondana naye. USnezangakhona wakhulelisa uNandi kaBhebhe bengashadile, bathola indodana uN
Ukudingiswa nokufa
hlelaNgenkathi uMpande ebekwa eba yinkosi yesizwe samaZulu wamudingisa uMkabayi esizweni sakwaZulu, wadingiselwa endaweni eyabe ngokuthi kwaBaqulusi ngoba wabe wabe negafuni ukuthi agxambukele ezindabeni zokuphatwa kwezwe. Kuthiwa uMkabayi washona ngonyaka wezi-1843 khona ebaQulusini eseyisalukazi esengasenabani, washonela ezintabeni esengasekho esizweni asilwela kanzima size sibe yilokhu asesiyikho. Ngobuba nesandla ekubulaweni kukaShaka baningi ababesamzonda kwaZulu [5].
Igalelo ekubunjweni kwesizwe samaZulu
hlelaIzibongo zikaMkabayi
Usoqili!
Iqili lakwaHoshoza
Elidl'umuntu limyenga ngendaba;
Lidl'uBhedu ngasezinyangnei,
Ladl'uMkhongoyiyana ngasemaNgadini,
Ladl' uBheje ngasezanuseni.
UBhuku lukaMenzi,
Olubamb'abantu lwabenela
Ngibone ngonoHela kaMlilo, umlil' ovuth'intaba zonke,
Ngoba lumbambe wanyamalala.
Inkom'ekhal' eSangoyana,
Yakhal' umlomo wayo wabhoboz' izulu,
Iye yeziwa nguGwabalanda
Ezalwa nguNdaba wakwa Khumalo.
Intom' ethombe yom'umlomo.
Zaze zayihlab'imithanti zawonina.
UMthombela-bantu izinyoni,
Bayazibamba usezibuka ngamehlo.
UVula-bangene-ngawo-onk'amasango
Abanikazimuzi bangene ngezintuba.
UMcindela kaNobiya,
UMhlathuz' uzawugcwal' emini.
Imbibikazan' eyaqamb' imigqa kwaMalandela,
Yathi ngabakwaMalandela,
Ithi yikhona bezoqananaza ngazo zonk'izindlela.
[5]
UMkabayi unegalelo elikhulu ekubunbjweni kwesizwe sakwaZulu ngokubeka futhi aphinde adilize amakhosi amaningi okubalwa kuwo uShaka, Dingane kanye noMpande. Futhi igalelo lakhe labe lilikhulu kakhulu ekugcineni isizwe sihlangene futhi sibumbene. UMkabayi wabe aziwa ngobuhlakani bakhe ngoba abaningi babeya kuye uma befuna izelululeko, kangakukuba kwagcina sekukhona isisho esabe sithiBuzani kaMakabayi. UMkabayi waye bizwa ngo yise wesizwe, Ndlovukazi, mbeki wamakhosi. UMkabayi wanza izinto ezingakazi zenzuwe ngobantu besifazane emlandweni wakwaZulu ngongokuzibeka ukuthi aphathe isizwe, nokuthi abize izimbizo ezabe zihanjelwa ngabesilisa kube nguye kuphela owasifazane [6].
Imithombo
hlela- ↑ Mbatha NPZ (7 Ncwaba 2016). "Mkabayi kaJama c1760". Durban. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 23 Lwezi 2018. Check date values in:
|accessdate=, |date=(help) - ↑ Wit. H & West GO (2008). African and European Readers of the Bible in Dialogue: In Quest of a Shared Meaning. Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. p. 239.
- ↑ Manyathi PPP (1997). Ucwaningo Ngeqhaza labesifazane esizweni samaZulu, Kubhekiswe kakhulukazi kuMkabayi kaJama. pp. 86–103.
- ↑ Jackson GM (2009). p. 90. Text " Women and Leaders of Africa, Asia, Middle East and Pacific: A Biographical Rfeference " ignored (help); Text "loaction:USA" ignored (help); Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Masuku N (15 Mandulo 2014). "Brief Historical Background of Mkabayi kaJama". The Zulu Kingdom. Archived from zulukingdom.com/2014/09/15/princess-mkabayi-kajama-a-hero-and-great-african-woman/ the original Check
|url=value (help) on 2016-01-12. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 23 Lwezi 2018. Check date values in:|accessdate=, |date=(help) - ↑ "African Queens Princess Mkabayi Kjama Zulu Monarchy c1750-c1843". 17 Zibandlela 2017. Kulandwe ngomhlaka 23 Lwezi 2018. Check date values in:
|accessdate=, |date=(help)[dead link]