Abantu baseTsonga ( Tsonga ) Isizwe samaBantu esidabuka kakhulu eSouthern Mozambique naseNingizimu Afrika ( eLimpopo naseMpumalanga ). Bakhuluma isiXitsonga, ulimi lwaseNingizimu Bantu.Linani lelincane kakhulu lemaTsonga latfolakala eZimbabwe naseNyakatfo ye-Eswatini. Abantu abangamaTsonga baseNingizimu Afrika babelana ngomlando othile nabantu abangamaTsonga baseNingizimu yeMozambique; nokho ziyehluka ngokwesiko nangokolimi.

IsiTsonga
Umuntu UMutsonga
Abantu UVatsonga
Ulimi Xitsonga

Umlando hlela

 
Isihloko sokhuni sesiTsonga
 
Imbiza yeglobular yamaTsonga, eqoqiwe c. 1900

Abantu bamaTsonga badabuka eMaphakathi neMpumalanga ye-Afrika ndawo thile phakathi kwe-AD 200 kanye ne-500, futhi sebethuthele ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwaseNingizimu Afrika iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane (1,000).Ekuqaleni, abantu bamaTsonga bahlala emathafeni asogwini eNyakatho neMozambique kepha bagcina behlala eSifundazweni saseTransvaal nasezindaweni ezizungeze iSt Lucia Bay eNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngawo-1300s. [1]Enye yezincwadi zokuqala ezibhalwe phansi zabantu baseTsonga nguHenri Philipe (HP) Junod osihloko sithi "Matimu ya Vatsonga 1498-1650 " eyashicilelwa ngokusemthethweni ngonyaka we-1977, futhi ikhuluma ngemibuso yakuqala yamaTsonga.Ngaphambi kwalokhu, uHenri Alexandri (HA) Junod osekhulile wakhipha incwadi yakhe ethi " The Life of a South African Tribe " eyashicilelwa okokuqala ngaphansi kwemiqulu emibili ngo-1912-1913 yaphinde yashicilelwa ngo-1927.

Igama hlela

UMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika ubeka ukuthi bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika banelungelo lokuzibona ngolimi lwabo, futhi uveza ukuthi izinhlangano zezinhlanga noma "ubuzwe" bukhonjwa kakhulu ngolimi olufanayo; yingakho kwamukelwa amaqembu afana nesibonelo samaXhosa ahlanganiswe isiXhosa; AmaZulu ahlanganiswe isiZulu; AmaVenda ahlanganiswe nguTshivenda; namaSotho ahlanganiswe isiSuthu.Amaqembu ahlukahlukene akhuluma ulimi lwesiXitsonga noma olunye lwezilimi zalo ngakho-ke nawo ahlanganiswe yilolu limi futhi athatha igama lalo kulo, yingakho ngokomthethosisekelo kungabantu bamaTsonga (Vatsonga).Kukhona namanye amaqembu esiTsonga ezingxenyeni ezithile zeMozambique, iZimbabwe, neSwaziland.Amanye amaqembu ahlobene ngaphandle kwaseNingizimu Afrika angokhokho noma ahlobene nabantu baseTsonga baseNingizimu Afrika ahamba ngamagama ezizwe ezahlukahlukene (isib, iTonga, Rhonga, Chopi, Tswa) kepha kwesinye isikhathi ahlukaniswa phakathi kwamagugu nomlando wabantu baseTsonga baseNingizimu Afrika.

Ezomnotho hlela

Umnotho wendabuko wamaTsonga usekelwe kwezolimo ezixubekile kanye nokwelusa.Imidumbula iyisona esiyisisekelo; Ummbila (umbila), amabele, amabele nezinye izitshalo kuyalinywa.Abesifazane benza umsebenzi omningi wezolimo, kuyilapho abesilisa nabafana abasebasha benakekela izilwane ezifuywayo (umhlambi wezinkomo, izimvu nezimbuzi) yize abanye besilisa betshala imali.Iningi lamaTsonga selinemisebenzi eNingizimu Afrika naseMozambique.

Amasiko hlela

 
Abesifazane baseTsonga benza umdanso we-xibelani.

IsiTsonga amadoda ngokwesiko sokuya esikoleni sokusoka ukusoka ngokuthi Matlala (KaMatlala) noma Ngoma (e Ngomeni) okwathi ngemva kwalokho ithathwa njengokuhlola amadoda.Amantombazane asemancane afunda esikoleni sokuthwasa esiholwa ngabesifazane abadala baseVatsonga esibizwa ngeKhomba, ngakho-ke amathwasa abizwa nge-tikhomba (khomba- singular, tikhomba- plural).Izintombi kuphela ezivunyelwe ukuya kulesi sikole sokuthwasa lapho zizofundiswa kabanzi ngobufazi, ukuthi zingaziphatha kanjani njenge-tikhomba emphakathini, futhi zilungiselelwe nomshado.

Izinkolelo zendabuko nabelaphi hlela

 
Senior n'angas uphumule futhi ukugubha ngemuva Ukuqalwa elalinikezelwe Ndau umoya.
 
U-Senior N'angas usiza i-n'agna entsha ephuma emanzini ngesikhathi sokuthwasa
  1. Junod, H.A (1912), The Life of a South African Tribe: The Social Life, Imprimerie Attinger Freres, Neuchatel.