Umbhikisho wango-2021 waseNingizimu Afrika

Izidubedube nemibhikisho zenzeka eNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngomhlaka-9 kuya ku-17 Julayi 2021, kuphendulwa ekuboshweni kwalowo owayenguMongameli uJacob Zuma . Izidubedube zibangele udlame olubanzi kanye nokuphanga, kubhebhethekiswa ukudilizwa kwabasebenzi nokungalingani kwezomnotho futhi kwadaleka wubhadane lwe-COVID-19 . Izinxushunxushu ziqale esifundazweni saKwaZulu-Natali kusihlwa kwangomhla ziyi-9 kuJulayi,zasakazekela esifundazweni saseGauteng kusihlwa kwangomhla ziyi-11 kuJulayi.

UZuma waboshwa ngemuva kokwala ukwethula ubufakazi kwiKhomishini kaZondo, uphenyo ngezinsolo zenkohlakalo ngesikhathi esabusa njengoMengameli kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2018. Izidubedube zaqala njengemibhikisho yabalandeli bakhe KwaZulu-Natal ngaphambi kokuba idlulele ekusatshalalisweni kokuphanga nodlame kulo lonke iKwaZulu-Natal naseGauteng . INkantolo Yomthethosisekelo yasigodla isinqumo ngesicelo sikaZuma sokuhoxisa isigwebo sakhe ngomhlaka 12 Julayi 2021.Kusukela ngomhlaka-22 Julayi, bangu-337 abantu kanti abangu-3 407 bebeboshiwe ngomhlaka-18 Ntulikazi

Ingemuva

Ezomnotho

Abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye yabantu baseNingizimu Afrika baphila ngobumpofu, kanti izinga lokungasebenzi elingu-32%. Ngokwe- World Bank imali engalingani iye yenyuka kusukela ngo-1994 eNingizimu Afrika ^[1] .

Impi yezomthetho kaJacob Zuma

Lowo owayengumongameli waseNingizimu Afrika uJacob Zuma wabekwa icala lenkohlakalo ngoMashi 2018, ikakhulukazi mayelana neDili Yezikhali yaseNingizimu Afrika, eyaziwa nge "Strategic Defence Package" ebiza u-R30 billion (okulingana ne-US $ 2.5 billion noma i- £ 2 billion).Impi yezomthetho iqhubekile kusukela lapho, ithimba labameli bakaZuma bezama ukuthi amacala achithwe futhi bacela ukuthola isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuzilungiselela. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka ukuqulwa kwecala, uZuma ubelokhu engekho enkantolo ephindelela, ebala izizathu zezempilo kanye nokushoda kwemali. Icala selidlulele eNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo .

Ukuboshwa kukaJacob Zuma

Ngo-29 Juni 2021, uZuma wagwetshwa izinyanga eziyi-15 ebhadla ejele ngokudelela inkantolo, ngemuva kokuthi enqabile ukuvela kwikhomishini uhulumeni wakhe ayiqokele ukuphenya izinsolo zenkohlakalo ngesikhathi esaphethe.Wanikezwa kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kuka-4 Julayi ukuthi azinikele, ngemuva kwalokho iSouth African Police Service izophoqeleka ukuthi imbambe. Kodwa-ke ngomhlaka 3 kuJulayi, inkantolo yavuma ukulalela isicelo sakhe ngomhlaka 12 Julayi.Uma uZuma enqaba ukuzinikela ngomhlaka 4 Julayi, amaphoyisa anikezwa kuze kube ngumhla ka-7 Julayi ukuthi ambopheAbasekeli babebuthene eduze komuzi wakhe bephethe izikhali ukuvimbela ukuboshwa kwakhe, ^[2] nokho, wazinikela emaphoyiseni ngomhlaka 7 Ntulikazi, waboshwa e- Estcourt Correctional Centre.

Ngo-8 Julayi 2021, uNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa kanye Nezokuhlunyeleliswa Kwezimilo uRonald Lamola wamemezela ukuthi uZuma uzokwazi ukuthola ushwele ngemuva kokudonsa ikota yesigwebo sakhe sezinyanga eziyi-15.UZuma ukuphonsele inselelo ukuboshwa kwakhe ngomhlaka 9 Julayi eNkantolo eNkulu yaseMgungundlovu ngezizathu zezempilo, kodwa lokhu kwaliwa.Ukuboshwa kwakhe kuholele emibhikishweni enodlame yabalandeli bakhe, abathi umkhankaso wabo "NguJacob Zuma okhululekile base bevala iKZN," esifundazweni saKwaZulu-Natal.

Ngemuva kokuboshwa kukaZuma, kwaqala ukubhikisha, ukuphanga nodlame ezweni lonke, abalandeli bakhe bethi makadedelwe.

Ukuphazamiseka komphakathi

Izidubedube nokuphanga

Ngo-9 Julayi 2021, ngalo lolo suku iNkantolo eNkulu yaseMgungundlovu yasivumela isigwebo sakhe nokugwetshwa kwakhe ejele, kwaqala uthuthuva.^[3] Kwabikwa ngodlame emphakathini, ukugqekezwa nokucekelwa phansi kwempahla ngempahla ezingxenyeni ezithile zaKwaZulu-Natal, lapho kwaboshwa okungenani abantu abangu-28 kwavalwa nomgwaqo omkhulu.Izidubedube zaqhubeka kusihlwa ngeSonto, ngomhlaka-11 Julayi 2021, lapho imithombo yezindaba eminingi ikhombisa imibiko yokuqhuma kwezibhamu nokuqhuma okuzwakale ezitolo ezinkulu kanye nasezindaweni zokuhlala.Lolu dlame lwanda ngokushesha, kwathi ekuseni ngoMsombuluko, ngomhlaka 12 Julayi 2021, izinkampani eziningi nezindawo ezinkulu ezitolo ezinkulu zaphoqeleka ukuba zivalwe kulandela ukuphanga nodlame okwasabalala.Kusukela ngomhlaka-21 Julayi, bangu-276 abantu asebeshonile ngenxa yezinxushunxushu, kwathi abangu-3 407 baboshwa ngomhlaka-18 Julayi.

Ukulimala komnotho waKwaZulu-Natali kukodwa kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungama-R20 billion ($ 1.4 billion) ngokusho kweNtshavheni, kanti izinxanxathela zezitolo eziyi-161, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla eziyi-11 nezimboni eziyisishiyagalombili esifundazweni zathola umonakalo omkhulu. Zingaphezu kuka-200 izikhungo zokuthenga ezathola ukuphangwa noma ukulimala ngokusho kwakhe, kanti izinxanxathela zezitolo eziyi-100 zazingaphansi kokuhlaselwa ngomlilo, izindawo zokuthengisa utshwala nabasabalalisi abangu-161 zalimala, ama-ATM angu-1 400 namakhemisi angu-90 alimala kanti amabhange namaposi angamaphesenti angama-300 acekelwa phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi angama-40,000 nabadayisi abangu-50 000 bathinteka ngokuphelele, kanti isitoko esilinganiselwa ku-R1.5 billion salahleka kanti imisebenzi engu-150,000 kwathiwa isengcupheni.

Ukungezwani ngokobuhlanga

Edolobheni laseNdiya iPhoenix, KwaZulu-Natal, ezinye zezakhamizi bezizihlomile ukulwa nabaphangi. Lokhu-ke kwaqeda ukungezwani ngokobuhlanga phakathi kwezakhamizi ezimnyama nezamaNdiya aseNingizimu Afrika, njengoba kwaba nezigameko eziningana zokuhlaselwa ngokobuhlanga.UNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle waseNdiya S. Jaishankar uphakamise udaba lokuphepha kwabantu abadabuka eNdiya noNgqongqoshe Wezobudlelwano Nokubambisana Kwamazwe aseNingizimu Afrika uNaledi Pandor, owamqinisekisa ukuthi uhulumeni uzama ngayo yonke indlela ukubuyisa umthetho nokuhleleka. UNgqongqoshe wamaPhoyisa uBheki Cele uveze ukuthi imbangela enkulu yezidubedube zasePhoenix ubugebengu nokuthi izindaba zobandlululo zisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqinisekisile ukuthi bangu-20 abantu abashonile kuleli dolobha ngenxa yezinxushunxushu. Ubuye waxwayisa abantu ukuthi bangaweli ezindabeni ezingezona ezenzelwe ukwandisa ukungezwani ngokobuhlanga.

Isikhuthazi

UNgqongqoshe wamaPhoyisa uBheki Cele uveze ukuthi iqembu lezokuphepha libheke abantu abayishumi kuya kwabayishumi nambili ababhebhezela lolu dlame ngokusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana. Ngokusho kukaNgqongqoshe wezokuPhepha koMbuso, u- Ayanda Dlodlo, baphenya imininingwane yokuthi ngabe labo abamele izikhulu zezobunhloli namalungu aphezulu e-ANC ahambisana nalowo owayenguMengameli wezwe uJacob Zuma babhekene yini nokudala udlame olusanda kwenzeka KwaZulu-Natal naseGauteng.

Indodakazi kaJacob Zuma, uDuduzile Zuma-Sambudla, kuthiwa uphakathi kwalabo abagqugquzele ukuphangwa nodlame ngenhloso yokuthola ukudedelwa kukayise njengoba i-akhawunti kaTwitter engaqinisekisiwe ngaphansi kwegama lakhe ikhuthaza abantu ukuthi babhikishe.

Impendulo yombuso

Kuqale kwafakwa iSouth African Police Service (SAPS) esifundeni saseNkandla ukulawula isibalo semibhikisho endaweni.

Ngempelasonto, ngenkathi iSouth African Police Service (SAPS) ilwa nokulwa nokuphanga okukhulu nokulimaza ingqalasizinda, kwacindezelwa uhulumeni ukuthi athumele umbutho wezempi.

Ekuseni ngoMsombuluko, ngomhlaka 12 Julayi 2021, kwafakwa iSouth African National Defence Force (SANDF) eGauteng naKwaZulu-Natal, njengengxenye ye- Operation Prosper .

Ngo-12 Julayi 2021, umongameli Cyril Ramaphosa wakhuluma ngalezi zidubedube, wathi izenzo zodlame lomphakathi "azibonwa kakhulu" eNingizimu Afrika yentando yeningi. URamaphosa ubalule lezi zidubedube njengezenzo zodlame, osho ukungabikho kwezikhalazo, nanoma iyiphi imbangela yezepolitiki, engavuna ukubhujiswa kwababhikishi. Uqhakambise uMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika, oqinisekisa amalungelo abo bonke abantu ukuthi baveze imizwa yabo, kodwa wathi izisulu zodlame oluqhubekayo ngabasebenzi, abashayeli bamaloli, osomabhizinisi, kanye nabazali balabo abalahlekelwe izimpilo zabo futhi abanakho konke akenzanga lutho olubi. Uqhubeke nokuxoxa ngomthelela wezibhelu ekukhishweni komuthi wokugomela i-COVID-19, wathi iphazamiseke kakhulu ngemuva kwezingqinamba zangaphambilini. Ubuye waveza nokuthi umnotho wezwe uzobhekana kanjani nezinye izinselelo ngenxa yokungavikeleki kokudla nemithi okudalwa yizidubedube. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-SANDF ukusiza ekuqedeni lezi zidubedube kubuye kwaxoxwa naye.

Ngosuku olufanayo, iNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo yaseNingizimu Afrika yasigcina isinqumo sayo sangaphambilini yasichitha isicelo sikaZuma sokuhoxisa isigwebo sakhe sasejele. Ngenxa yalesi sinqumo, uZuma kudingeka ukuthi ahlale ejele.

Ngo-14 Julayi 2021, uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela kanye Namasosha Omakadebona Kwezempi uNosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula wathi i-SANDF isikhuphule isibalo samasosha saba ngu-25 000.

Ngemuva kwezinxushunxushu, uMongameli Ramaphosa wamemezela mhla ziyi-18 kuNtulikazi ukuthi uhulumeni uzocubungula ukwethula isibonelelo semali esiyisisekelo .

Impendulo yomphakathi

Ngenxa yempendulo yombuso eyehluleka ukuqeda lezi zidubedube, izinkampani zonogada ezizimele, abashayeli bamatekisi, abantu abahlomile kanye namaqembu abaqaphile bathathe imisebenzi yezomthetho ngokuvikela amabhizinisi nemiphakathi odlameni nasekuphangeni. Iziteshi zikaphethiloli, izinxanxathela zezitolo, izitolo ezinkulu nezingqalasizinda zokuxhumana zigadiwe ngumphakathi, imvamisa zisekelwa ngabanini bamabhizinisi nezinkampani. Amaqembu e-Vigilante avikela amadlelo kanye namabhizinisi asebenze ngendlela ehlelekile ukubopha abaphangi nokubanikela kuziphathimandla, yize kunjalo ngendlela enobudlova.

Umthelela

Imiphumela kumanethiwekhi wokusebenza

Imiphumela yokubhikisha kumanethiwekhi emigwaqo

Inganekwane: Road closure

Imigwaqo

Ukuvalwa kwemigwaqo ku- N3 naku- N2 kuthinte ukuthuthwa kwempahla kusuka ogwini olusempumalanga kuya ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho.Lokhu kuthinta ukuhanjiswa kwempahla emazweni angenawo umhlaba e- Afrika kubandakanya iBotswana, iZimbabwe neZambia .

Izinkampani eziningi ezithwala impahla kanye nophethiloli zimemezele ukuthi zivalwe okwesikhashana lapho zisebenza khona eKZN, ziveza ukwesaba ukuqhubeka kokuphanga, ukudunwa kwezimoto, ukushiswa kwamaloli, kanye nezinxushunxushu zomphakathi ezingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwebhizinisi, zenezela ezindlekweni ezithe xaxa ezivela ekuphangeni nasekulimaleni kwempahla.

Amachweba esitsha

Amachweba amakhonteyina aseRichards Bay naseThekwini aseyekile ukusebenza. Kudliwe iziqukathi ethekwini leTheku. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kaningana kwamaloli, umgwaqo u-N3 Highway, oxhumanisa itheku iTheku neGoli, wavalwa ngomhlaka 10 Julayi.

Isitimela

Umhlinzeki wezimpahla zikahulumeni uTransnet wamemezela ukuphoqelelwa ngamandla ngomhla ka-14 kuJulayi kujantshi wesitimela oxhumanisa iGoli nogu.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuthengwa kwempahla

Ukushoda kokudla

Ulayini wesitolo sokudla osindile ufinyelela ku-800m ubude ngemuva nje kokuvulwa kabusha.

Mhla ziyi-12 kuNtulikazi 2021, Umkhandlu Wabathengi Wezimpahla zaseNingizimu Afrika wexwayisa ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa okubanzi, ukubhujiswa kanye nokuvalwa kuzoholela ekusweleni kokudla ezweni lonke. Ngo-14 Julayi 2021, ukulimala kwengqalasizinda yezokuthutha kwase kubangele ukusweleka kokudla, kwaholela kolayini ngaphandle kwezitolo zokudla, kwavimbela ukuvunwa nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo emisha.Ngo-15 Julayi 2021, inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke ekhiqiza ukudla eNingizimu Afrika iTiger Brands yamisa ukusebenza kwamabhikawozi ezindaweni ezithintekile ngenxa yengqalasizinda kanye nezinsiza ezonakele kanti futhi ibuye yathola ukuthi ilahlekelwe isitokwe esingeqile ku-R150 million.Ezinye izitolo neziteshi zikaphethiloli eGoli ziqaphele ukuthi amashalofu abo ayachitheka futhi nempahla ibincipha ngenxa yokuthenga uvalo.Intatheli yaseThekwini iphawule ukuthi yize isinkwa sesibuyile endaweni yabo, abantu bebesikhokhela imali ethe xaxa futhi belinde ulayini amahora amaningi ngesikhathi.Izitolo beziphinde zibeke imingcele yokuthi abathengi bangathenga malini ngenkathi izivimbelo zomphakathi kubikwa ukuthi zibajikisa abantu uma bengakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi bavela kuleyo miphakathi.

Gcwalisa amashalofu esitolo sokudla ngenxa yokuthengwa ukwethuka ngesikhathi sezinxushunxushu zaseNingizimu Afrika zango-2021

Ukushoda kukaphethiloli

Indawo yokucwenga uwoyela iSapref, nokuyinto ebanjiswene phakathi kweShell neBP, iyindawo yokucwenga uwoyela enkulu kunazo zonke eSub Saharan AfricaInikezela cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yezidingo zikaphethiloli zaseNingizimu Afrika futhi nokusebenza kwayo kwamiswa ngenxa yesimemezelo sokuphoqelela amandla amakhulu . ^[4] Ngo-15 Julayi 2021, uMnyango Wezimbiwa Nezamandla wafaka izithiyo emandleni ekhono lezakhamizi lokuthenga uphethiloli ezitsheni eziphathwayo nasemabhokisini, ebeka izinkathazo zokuthi ukugcinwa kwamasheya kuzosibhebhethekisa lesi simo.

Ukushoda kokuphakelwa kwezokwelapha

AbakwaClick and Dis-Chem, okuyibo abathengisa imishanguzo emikhulu kunayo yonke eNingizimu Afrika, babike ngokuphazamiseka kwempahla ngenxa yokuphangwa.Ukunikezwa kwemithi yokwelashwa ezibhedlela nakho kuphazamisekile.Kusukela ngomhla ka-16 Julayi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe iziguli ezingama-50% ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona KwaZulu-Natal azinayo imithwalo eyanele yemithi edingekayo. Izikhungo zokuhlinzeka ngezempilo eMgungundlovu zifakwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzi abaningi bebehluleka ukufika ezikhundleni zabo, kuyilapho labo abafike lapho bekufanele babhekane nokutheleka kweziguli ezihlukumezekile. Udokotela osemncane waseMgungundlovu uthe ukuphazanyiswa kokuthengwa kwezinto kuholele ekuhlulekeni ukuqala kabusha imithi, i- PPE, igazi kanye nemijovo.

Ezezimali

Ezomnotho

Irandi laseNingizimu Afrika labuthakathaka cishe u-2% mhla ziyi-12 kuNtulikazi, okuyimali eningi kunayo yonke eselibe nayo kusukela mhla zingama-25 kuNhlolanja.Ngokuya ngohlaziyo lokuqala lwangomhla ziyi-13 kuJulayi, iSA Special Risks Insurance Association (SASRIA) ilinganisele ukuthi ukulahleka okuphelele ngenxa yomonakalo nokuphanga kungahle kube "yizigidigidi zamarandi".

Ngo-19 Julayi 2021, izikhulu zikamasipala weTheku kanye nohulumeni wesifundazwe saKwaZulu-Natali banikeze umkhombandlela wokuthola kabusha iToyota Motor Corporation . Kubikwa ukuthi lezi zingxabano bese ziholele ekutheni amazwe omhlaba angabaze ukuphepha nokusebenza kwemali etshalwe kulesi sifundazwe.

Ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla

NgoMsombuluko ntambama ngomhlaka-12 Julayi, zingaphezulu kuka-200 izikhungo zokuthenga ezase ziphangiwe, kanti eziningi eSoweto zaziphangiwe. Ngomhlaka 14 Julayi, iSA Pharmacy Council yaphawula ukuthi amakhemisi angama-90 acekelwa phansi ngokuphelele kanti iningi lawo KwaZulu-Natali lishayeke kakhulu.EThekwini, ngesikhathi kunesithangami nabezindaba sango-14 kuJulayi, imeya yeTheku yamemezela ukuthi amabhizinisi afinyelela ku-45,000 athintekile ngemisebenzi engu-129,000 esengozini nangaphezulu kuka-R16 billion (cishe u- $ 1 billion noma u- £ 793 million) kumonakalo wesitoko, impahla nemishini. I-ICASA imemezele ukuthi imibhoshongo yenethiwekhi eyi- 113 icekelwe phansi, okuholele ekuphazamisweni kwamanethiwekhi weselula .INational Professional Teachers 'Organisation of South Africa ikugxekile ukuphangwa nokucekelwa phansi kwezikole ezingama-32 zaKwaZulu-Natal, esinye sazo esishe sangqongqa. EMnambithi, KwaZulu-Natal, indawo okushiswa kuyo izidumbu yacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele.

Ukumiswa kwezinsizakalo

Amabhange amaningi akuleli kudingeke ukuthi avale ama-ATM awo, amagatsha, nezinye izikhungo ngenxa yalezi zinkinga. Amagatsha angaphezu kwama-300 eCapitec Bank nama-ATM avaliwe, ^[5] iNedbank ivale amagatsha angama-226 kanye nezitolo ezingama-59 zakwaBoxer, ^[5] ABSA Bank ivale amagatsha abalelwa ku-375, ^[5] kwathi iStandard Bank kwadingeka ukuthi ivale amagatsha angama-81 KwaZulu-Natal futhi Abangu-116 eGauteng ngemuva kwamagatsha abo angama-33 nama-ATM angama-220 athintekile. ^[6] EMgungundlovu, ama-ambulensi nabanye abasebenzi bezokwelapha besaba ukuhlaselwa futhi bebengazimisele ngokuya ezindaweni eziyingozi, kokunye abakwazanga ukufika ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

i-COVID-19

Inkinga yokukhishwa komuthi wokugoma we-COVID-19

Ukulandela umthelela wokuphanga nokonakalisa impahla, izindawo eziningi zokukhishwa kwemithi yokugoma i-COVID-19 zavalwa ukuvimbela ukuphanga nokonakaliswa kwempahla. Lezi zixwayiso zehlisa ukukhishwa kwemigomo ngenkathi izwe lisalwa negagasi lesithathu lokutheleleka. UMnuz Vincent Tlala woMkhandlu Wamakhemikhali waseSA uthe imishanguzo ye-COVID-19 iphakathi kwezinto eziphangiwe ezikhemisi ezithintekile.

NgoJulayi 15, 2021, umqondisi we-World Health Organisation e- Afrika uMatshidiso Moeti wexwayisa ngokuthi iNingizimu Afrika izobona ukwanda kwamacala ngenxa yokuphazamiseka eKwaZulu-Natal naseGauteng. Ubuye waveza nokuthi ngenkathi uhlelo lokugoma luhlose ukugoma okungu-300,000 ngosuku ngaphambi kokuba kuqale uthuthuva, babenze ngaphansi kuka-154,000 ngomhlaka 14 Julayi. ^[7] Udokotela omncane waseMgungundlovu uveze ukuthi babephelelwa i-PPE ngamawadi abo eCovid phakathi kwegagasi lesithathu.

↑ https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/530481521735906534/overcoming-poverty-and-inequality-in-south-africa-an-assessment-of-drivers-constraints-and-opportunities
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