UKwaziswa

uKwaziswa noma uKwazi umqondo oyisicabango ubhekisela kulokho okunamandla okwazisa. Ngokuyisisekelo ukwaziswa kumayelana nokuhunyushwa kwalokho okulabathekayo. Noma iyiphi inqubo engokwemvelo engesona isiyaluyalu ngokuphelele, futhi noma isiphi isibonisi esibonakalayo kunoma isiphi isilekeleli, kokubili kungashiwo ukuthi kudlulisa inani elithile lokwaziswa. Kuyilapho iziyabizo zezibhangqiwe neminye imininingo zisebenzisa izimpawu ezihlukanisiwe ukudlulisa ukwaziswa, ezinye izimongotho nezinto ezifana neziyabizo zenzuko, izinkondlo, izithombe, umculo neminye imisindo nemigelezo, zona zidlulisa ukwaziswa ngohlobo olunganqamuki. Ukwaziswa akulona ulwazi ngokwalo, kodwa kuwucezu okuthi malihlanganiswa nezinye izingcezu zokwaziswa zakhe ulwazi.

Ukwaziswa kuvame ukucubungulwa lukhonko: Imininingo etholakala esinyathelweni esisodwa iyacubungulwa kube ukwaziswa ukuze ihlakahlwe (interpreted) futhi icubungulwe (processed) esinyathelweni esilandelayo. Ngokwesibonelo, esiqakaqweni obhalwayo uphawu ngalunye noma usonhlamvu ludlulisa ukwaziswa okufanele izwi eliyingxenye yalo, izwi ngalinye ludlulisa ukwaziswa okufanele umusho oluyingxenye yawo, umusho ngamunye udlulisa ukwaziswa okufanele umushokazi oluyingxenye yawo, kuqhubeke njalo kuze kube sesinyathelweni sokugcina lapho ukwaziswa kukhunyushwa khona kube ulwazi. Esiyabizweni sezezibhangqiwe izincu zingahlakahlwa zibe izimpawu, osonhlamvu, amanani, noma izinhlaka ezidlulisa ukwaziswa okutholakala emgangathweni ophezulu olandelayo. Isici esimqoka sokwaziswa ukuthi kufanele kuhlakahlwe futhi kucutshungulwe.

Isicabango sokwaziswa simqoka ezindaweni ezingafani, kuhlanganise lezo zokubanjezelwa, zokuxhumana, ukulawula, imininingo, isimo, imfundo, ulwazi, incazelo, ukuqonda, ivuso somqondo, isifanelo, ukuzwa, Isiphakamiso, unongo, kanye nesigubhukane.

Ukuthathwa kokwaziswa esiyabizweni noma emyalezweni kungacatshangwa njengomgqamo womthinziyelo noma ukungaqiniseki oqhamuka ukuhlakahlweni kwezifanelo ngaphakathi kwesiyabizo noma umyalezo.

Ukwaziswa kungahlelwa njengemininingo. Imininingo engenasizo ingabuthazwa (compressed) kube ubungako obuganya, okungumbono ongumkhawulo wokubuthaza.

Ukwaziswa okutholakala ngemininingo eqoqiwe kungatonyulwa ngokuhlaziya. Ngokwesibonelo, imininingo ingaqoqwa kuntengo yomkhozi oyedwa emdlelondlu (restaurant). Ukwaziswa okutholakala ngezintengo eziningi kungahlaziywa, bese kuba ulwazi oluzosetshenziswa lapho isihwebi sizokwazi ukuhlonza isidlo esidume kakhulu.

Ukwaziswa kungafufukiswa ngesikhathi, ngezilondimininingo, futhi bufufukiswe emkhathini, ngokuxhumana nangezokuxhumakude. Ukwaziswa kuvezwa njengesiqikili somyalezo noma ngengqaphelo eqondile noma engaqondile. Lokho okushwayiwayo kungathathwa njengomyalezo ngokwako , ngalowomqondo, konke ukwaziswa kuhlake kudluliswa njengesiqikili somyalezo.

Ukwaziswa kungaguqukezelwa kube izimo ezihlukene zokubufufukisa nokubuhlakahla (ngokwesibonelo, ukwaziswa kungaguqukezelwa kube uchunge lwezimpawu, noma kufufukiswe ngesiyabizo). Kunganyandlwa ukuze kulondolozwe ngokuphepha nokuxhumana okuphephile.

uMsuka

Ibizo elithi 'ukwaziswa' livela kusichazamazwi sikaNyembezi esinesihloko esithi 'Zulu Scholars Dictionary'

Umbono woKwaziswa

Umbono woKwaziswa uyisifundo senzukulwazi sokungakanisa, ukugcina imininingo, nokuxhumana kokwaziswa. Lomkhakha wasungulwa yimisebenzi ka-Henry Nyquist beno-Ralph Hartley kowe-1920, nangu-Claude Shannon kweye-1940. Lomkhakha usempambanweni yombono wokungathekisa (probability theory), izibalomininingo, inzululwazi yesicikizi, ezobunguxa bezibalomininingo, umNgcikisho woKwaziswa, nomNgcikisho wamazuba.